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Marking: | 64144 |
Country: | Russian Empire |
Dating: | 1915 |
The original. |
The original and massive enough porcelain gravy boat in excellent collectible condition. Fort Nikolaev, also known as the Fort of Ino, was one of the main fortifications defending Petersburg by sea and land from attacks of the fleet of the German Empire. The decision to build the form it was adopted in 1909 the Fort was located 60 km West of St. Petersburg on the Northern coast of the Gulf of Finland (in the South, the same distance in the same years was built Fort Alexis). In 1912, at the Fort began construction of two 4-gun batteries 305-mm guns (tower open) with all necessary infrastructure (casemates, gun cellars, barracks, underground railroad, electric lift and steam-heating). By 1916, both batteries were combat-ready and around a concreted trenches with shelters for field guns and infantry, United with the tower battery underground tunnels. At the beginning of the world war, the garrison consisted of 2,500 people, to January 1, 1917, its population has doubled. After the October revolution and the independence of Finland 14 may 1918 tower battery the Fort was undermined by the staff, and the Fort captured by Finnish troops. Finally the fortifications were destroyed by the Tartu peace Treaty of 1921 Organizationally Fort Nikolaev was part of the position of the Kronstadt Naval fortress of Emperor Peter the Great, but due to the large distance from revel and from Kronstadt had its special officer's meeting, where in 1915 the factory of M. S. Kuznetsov, and was ordered party dishes, decorated with the name of the Fort and artillery emblem applied color-artillery (red). Thus, the purpose of this item could be used for only two years. Given the elimination of the Fort, before our time, he survived, almost miraculously, which makes him a rarity in the full sense of the word. The guarantee of authenticity.
"Partnership of production of porcelain, faience and majolica products, M. S. Kuznetsov" is one of the largest whiteware industries of the Russian Empire of late XIX — early XX centuries. It was founded in 1889 by Russian industrialist and entrepreneur of the genus Kuznetsov Matvey Sidorovich Kuznetsov and lasted until 1917, when most enterprises were nationalized. Great-grandfather of M. S. Kuznetsov was Yakov Vasilyevich Kuznetsov, who founded the porcelain production in the area of Gzhel in 1812. Son of James V. Terence Y. Kuznetsov has continued a dynasty of Russian Industrialists. He, in turn, had three sons Sidor, Anisim and Yemelyan. Sidor Terent'evich founded in 1841 Riga porcelain factory, which after his death, in 1872, passed to his son Matvey Sidorovich. In 1887 M. S. Kuznetsov founded a faience factory in the village of Budy of Kharkov district. In 1889 appeared "Partnership of production of porcelain and faience products, M. S. Kuznetsov" with a capital of 3 million rubles., which eventually became 7 Russian factories for the manufacture of faience and porcelain. The Board of the "Association" was in Moscow on Myasnitskaya ulitsa, 8/2. In 1891 bought the Kuznetsov porcelain factory of Gardner in the village of Verbilki, founded about 1766 Russified English merchant Franz Yakovlevich Gardner. In 1892, founded a porcelain factory in Slavyansk, Izyum uyezd, producing faience. In 1894 bought the Kuznetsov factory in the village of Sand the Yaroslavl province, and in 1898 he bought a factory in the village of sand Kaluga province from malt. By 1898, the "Partnership" became the largest in Europe, and in the early XX century in the factories of the "Partnership" produced about 2/3 of the Russian porcelain. In 1902, Kuznetsov was awarded the title of purveyor to His Imperial Majesty. Kuznetsovsky porcelain was true not only within Russia but in Persia, Romania, Turkey and Afghanistan. In 1903 the fixed capital of the partnership amounted to 3.9 million rubles, in 1913 — was increased to 5 million rubles, the balance amounted to almost 19 million rubles. the Total number of workers in enterprises reached 12.5 thousand people. In 1918 after the October revolution, all the companies of the "Association", except for the Riga factory, was nationalized. Kuznetsov was forced to go to Riga, as their further stay in Moscow was unsafe: in 1920, was condemned by the Cheka for 15 years Nikolay Nikolaevich, grandson of Matthew Sidorovich. A wave of repression came as George M. nephew Nikolai Alexandrovich. They were arrested as "Latvian spy" for the correspondence with relatives, and together with their wives exiled to Siberia. After the establishment in Latvia of the Soviet power in 1940, the company was nationalized and there there. At the end of 1940 by the Director of factories has appointed G. G. Kruglov, former Kuznetsovsky chemist. The company became subject to the trust silicate industrial Commissariat of local industry of the Latvian SSR. During the Great Patriotic war during the German occupation Kuznetsov went from the Baltic States to the West.
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