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Marking: | 64070 |
Country: | France |
Dating: | 1910-20-ies |
The original. |
The original helmet is in very good collectible condition. The logo and the original liner is installed. The guarantee of authenticity.
From the beginning of the First world war the French army suffered heavy casualties. A large percentage of mortality among the soldiers was due to wounds of the head from bullets and shrapnel. The use in war of more sophisticated weapons has increased this percentage, which led, in turn, accelerate the development of a military steel helmet. Despite the fact that in many countries and were earlier attempts to create a steel helmet, nevertheless, that the French were the first in the twentieth century began to use steel helmets in droves, they equipped most of the army. The first and inefficient attempt to provide the soldier a means of passive head protection was the introduction of a protective helmet "Cerveliere", which is a steel "cap" with a thickness of 0.5 mm hemispherical shape, which I put on under a hat or other headgear. As an experiment, was an attempt to use Italian steel helmet "Farina", but this helmet was rejected by the soldiers due to their weight and impracticality. In the process of finding a solution to create a new helmet reviewed the projects submitted Detaille, Batterie de Vincennes and Adrian. All the projects were similar in both appearance and ballistic performance. The need for urgent equipment of the infantry, artillery, engineers, protective steel helmet forced the Supreme command of the French army to make a quick decision. The result was the project chosen by the author of which was the army General August Louis Adrian, who thus immortalized his name not only in the military history of France, but also in the military history of dozens of other countries that have accepted to equip soldiers of their armies, the helmet of this model. Thus was born the most famous military helmets of the XX century, known officially as the "Adrian Helmet model 1915".
The Adrian helmet was made of four parts including the hemispherical arch of the helmet, consisting of two parts, the visor located at both the front and rear sharp edges of the visor was banded, was placed on top of the typical crest covering the vent, and reinforcing the protective properties of the helmet. The comb is attached to the body of the helmet by means of rivets or welding. The helmet is made of steel with a thickness of 0.7 mm, the manufacturing process of the helmet includes more than 50 operations, the third part of which was devoted to the fabrication and installation of crest. Helmet weight ranged from 700 to 800 grams, depending on its size, there were three size. In addition, slight differences between the shape of the crest and its fixation method. This arose primarily due to the lack of a single technology for all factories who have been engaged in manufacturing of helmets. The liner was made of leather and consisted of 6-7 leather reeds, fastened at the top by a cord. The liner is attached by its fastening with the simultaneous consolidation of four corrugated aluminum strips to ensure the ventilation and located at the front, rear and side parts of the helmet on a special tie staples, which in turn was soldered to the body of the helmet on the inner side, the bracket also used to secure the liner. The chin strap is dark brown or black in color, with a width of 0.5 cm were made of horse leather, which helped to prevent its deformation from moisture. Long chin strap was governed by a square steel buckle. A characteristic feature of the Adrian helmets, distributed in the French army was the presence of the front emblem, and each service is characterized by its own special symbol (see table logos) the only thing that unites them is the image of liter RF - the Republic of France. Initially, the helmets were painted in blue or blue. Helmets for the troops in North Africa were painted in sand color. At the front the soldiers sometimes put on a helmet some sort of camouflage, and used a regular fabric is gray. Despite the low protective properties, the Adrian helmet was the most common model of the steel helmet in the First world war. Only France had produced about 20 000 000 Adrian helmets. In addition to the French Adrian helmet was adopted by Belgium, Italy, Greece, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Czechoslovakia, Mexico, Brazil, USA, Bulgaria and many other countries. After the First world war, the French government decided to establish a special award for veterans of war. By a decree dated 18 December 1918 established "helmet souvenir", which was a regular helmet of Adrian on the front visor which has a brass plate with a commemorative inscription "Sоldat de la Grand Guerre 1914 - 1918" "soldiers of the great War 1914 - 1918" on the plate also were deposited the name of the veteran
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